[space + justice]

The adventures of a UNCC architecture studio exploring the contemporary American courthouse.

The Jury is In

by JP Mays

This past Wednesday was our final review, and I think overall mine went well.  My design was generally received positively, though several good points were raised.  One thing I could have focused more on was the experience of the public throughout the building, including clarity of circulation and access.  Also, since my scheme was ten stories, a greater focus on the elevators would probably be more crucial than a monumental stair.  This was a very challenging semester, in a good way, and I was on the whole very pleased with my final design.  Below are some images from the final review.

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View of the main entry, looking east towards Uptown.

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Section through typical Civil courtrooms, and north bar of the main level.

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Section through main entry and monumental stair.

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Basement, First floor, Second floor, typical floors, and terrace floors

Site Plan
Site Plan

Program Diagram Revisited

by JP Mays

I have been working on revising my program diagram, and have developed two options.  Version 1 expands both the courtrooms and the level 1 spaces, while Version 2 only expands the courtrooms.  I can’t decide between the two, so I thought I’d ask the class’ opinion.  What do you think?

Version 1

Version 2

 

Beyond this, any other comments?  Does the color read well?  Lineweight/type?

Site + Skin

by JP Mays

My current design efforts have taken a bifurcated track lately, focusing simultaneously on the site and the exterior envelope of the building.  Sitewise, I have been trying to develop a parametric hardscape design, seeking to define the placement of the diamond-shaped pavers by a series of paths through the site.  This ties in nicely with the final requirements for our Computational Methods class, and so I will continue to work on this until the end of the semester.

By sketching over a photo of my mid-term model, I am also trying to flesh out ideas of building skin at a finer level of detail than I had achieved by mid-semester.  I am currently pursuing a cladding scheme for the courtroom volumes that wraps a facade peppered with long narrow windows.  Perforated weathering steel (COR-TEN) or copper panels completely screen these apertures, mitigating sunlight from all directions.  This also will create a monolithic appearance for the volumes, while still providing natural light and views.  This goes back to some of my very first concept studies for screening the courtroom.  Looking back at another (diagrammatic) model, I am continuing to try to establish lookouts/elevated public space, in addition to folding the building into the landscape.

Mid-Review Reflection

by JP Mays

For this past Friday’s mid-term review I focused on developing the plans and focusing on the functions of each space.  This was a progression from my many earlier conceptual models and diagrams, and it was crucial at this stage to intimately understand the program and to advance the parti.

Simultaneously, I needed to examine the exterior form of the building, investigating how the interior can be read.  A 1/32″ = 1′-0″ scale model began to explore concepts of solid/void, light/dark, as well as relation to the landscape and materiality.  These last areas, through helpful critique, have become my springboard towards the next phase, namely integration into the site and material investigation.

Plan Diagrams

by JP Mays

These are the two typical plans of the upper floors of my design.  The courtrooms are double height, with restrooms stacked over the conference rooms below.  A main circulation zone runs between them, with an angled stair that punctures the facade as it increases in height, and two public elevators.  The in-custody elevator only serves one half of the courtrooms, so any criminal cases would need to be heard in those four.  There is also only one jury deliberation room per floor, which I now recognize is opposite that of the criminal courtrooms.  I will need resolve that issue as I refine these layouts.

 

Program Diagrams

by JP Mays


I have been focusing on relationships of program, circulation, and site. At the entry one passes through security and into a large lobby with access to services, child waiting, and the career center.  A central circulation core pierces up from the main level, gesturing towards uptown and the center city skyline.  An atrium connects all floors, providing a visual and aural connection to each level.  Separating the courtroom volumes creates an intermediate exterior terrace space, with views to the city center and also the nearby community.  The courthouses are stacked and staggered, each with their corresponding judge’s chambers, and shared jury deliberation between them.


Court visit

by JP Mays

On Tuesday afternoon I was able to attend several courts at the Mecklenburg County Courthouse; domestic violence, drug crimes arraignment, and a rape jury trial.

Domestic Violence/Magistrate

During this court there were multiple defendants and plaintiffs, separated in the spectator seating by gender.  I assume this to be in order to more effectively keep the peace in the courtroom, to prevent outbursts or even more assault.  The prosecuting table was set up with a computer and multiple files for all the defendants.  The DAs cycled through the cases, but it seemed very informal.  Whenever they began addressing the judge I was always surprised, because they’d just be sitting there, shuffling through papers, different attorneys coming and going, then apparently randomly they’d call a defendant up, and present the charges to the judge.  Most were pleading for reduced sentences or bail.  They also were very typically casually dressed, and showed little respect for the proceedings.

Drug Court/Arraignment

Here it seemed a bit more orderly, but there was still a lot of coming and going at the counsel tables and in the spectator area.  Many defendants pleaded for more time, and got their trials postponed for a month or so, for various reasons including more time to develop their case.  Some contested their trial since the plaintiff was not present, and either had that delayed or dismissed.  One defendant was not present, and then the bailiff had an interesting, proscribed, almost archaic speech he had to make, in a raised voice, calling the person to court.  When he did not present himself the judge issued a warrant for his arrest.   Several defendants were convicted and sentenced, handcuffed by the bailiff and taken away through a side door.  I found it interesting that any money seized during their arrest was donated to the Public School System.

Adam happened to come in also, and we stayed until the end.   After we left, we lingered awhile in the corridor discussing the cases, and then the DA came out and wanted to know a little about what we were doing, and if we wanted to meet the judge.  Naturally we accepted, and got to talk to the Honorable Judge Foust about our project, and our research so far.  He shared some insights on the increasing lack of respect in the courtroom and some of the distractions he is faced with daily.  He also tipped us off to a juried rape trial that was going on, so we thanked him for his time and headed that way.

Rape Trial

To sum up the trial, the plaintiff was allegedly held at gunpoint and forced into a vehicle by the defendant, who drove her to a semi-isolated street and raped her.  We came in during the cross examination of the plaintiff, where the defense attorney was trying to solicit testimony to support his client’s not guilty claim.  That was a very surreal experience, to watch her respond to his questions in a deadpan voice, giving many monosyllabic answers … “Yes,” “No,” etc.  She did not show much emotion, or cry, or seem angry.  Afterwards the prosecutors brought in two other witnesses to help flesh out what happened prior to and after the alleged rape.

This was the first courtroom I attended that actually had a jury (the others didn’t even have a place for one).  This trial was exponentially more formal than the others.  The defendant was dressed to the nines, very clean cut, and the attorneys addressed the judge very formally.  The jury was quite varied, but not all seemed completely engaged in the process, often being distracted by the spectators.  There also was an actual court reporter, which I did not notice in the other courts.

Impressions

Overall I had a pleasant interaction with MCC.  It is a very light and airy space, with all courtrooms publicly accessible from a corridor which wraps a large atrium.  It was easy to just pop into a courtroom, and I did not feel like an intruder.  While the security at the entrance was smooth to get through, I had to detour off the main procession.  It diminished the approach of the building, but since it was painless I did not mind it so much.  The navigation also was detractive, in that it was not clear which types of court are on which floor.  I wandered around for a while before I could determine which courtrooms held the types of court I wanted to attend.  In general, however, I feel that I have a better understanding of the courthouse and the courtroom, and would be more comfortable if I ever needed to return (hopefully not as a defendant).

Form and Function?

by JP Mays

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This model was a combination of one of my rather blocky models and a more sculptural one.  The skin ended up being more figural and sail-like, which diverges too much from my weaving concept.  It was successful, though, in that it began to integrate an idea of skin with my interior volume concepts.

This led to a very organic investigation of connection to the site and the landscape, and how to weave that into a structural system to create spaces or vantage points.  I tried to explore the relation to the street, the nearby park, and views to Uptown.  So far, I’ve been pursuing this from the outside in.  Moving forward, I’ll be diving into the program and trying to merge my exterior, formal studies with a more direct programmatic approach.

Process Models

by JP Mays

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For Friday’s pin-up, I wanted to continue my exploration of the section – to understand the relation of the courtroom to the exterior.  I investigated the screen, and how to be transparent but also deal with solar control.

After Joelle’s suggestion to explore verticality, I made the wire model, which addressed the issue of weaving public, private, and secure within and up into the structure.  I also looked at stacking paired courtsets on top of lobby/reception/flex program at the ground level.

I am currently pursuing the combination of these two models; how to integrate volumes within a framework.

Fabric of the neighborhood

by JP Mays

As I began to investigate our site, I wanted to understand the human fabric of the neighborhood of which our site is a part, Ashley Park.  I researched census and other demographic data, but wanted to translate that in a visual way.  I started by making a network of the main streets, defined by two wooden bars representing the four-lane roads Freedom Drive and Wilkinson Boulevard, to the north and south respectively, with wire and jute for the intermediary streets.  The amount of the colored paper was based on the percentage of the particular demographic info; for example, 67% of the area of the neighborhood is in dark green, representing the percentage of the African American population.  Woven perpendicular to the colors are the black and white strips, which represent 15.8% unemployment and 20% below the poverty level, respectively.  The unwoven regions are the predominantly industrial or commercial areas.

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